New research in the last decade has begun to challenge the traditional perspectives on fat mass. In-depth analysis reveals that there are three primary types of fat and that their deposits can serve different functions depending on their location in the body. Brown fat has become a particularly interesting area of study due to its potential to protect against cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, including diabetes.

Stomach pain is common among kids. It is one of the most frequent reasons parents rush their kids to the ER. The common causes of sudden stomach pain in children are constipation, viral infection, and gastroenteritis.

The below article forms part 2 of a discussion on food sensitivities, in which common causes and food triggers for various types are reviewed. Part 1 delves into the mechanisms underlying food sensitivities and intolerances, how they are different from allergies, as well as reviewing common risk factors and causes.

Food sensitivities and intolerances are thought to affect up to 20% of the population at any given time. Despite being more common than food allergies, they are not nearly as well understood.

Over 21 million people worldwide suffer from schizophrenia, a chronic mental condition. Most schizophrenia therapies depend on antipsychotic medications that alter dopamine or serotonin levels in the brain. However, these drugs often cause strong side effects, which lead to patients stopping their treatment. Moreover, most available schizophrenia medications do not improve life-restricting symptoms other than hallucinations and delusions.

Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE), a type of lupus that affects the skin, is a chronic autoimmune disease. People with CLE often experience symptoms such as rashes, skin lesions, pain, photosensitivity, and itchy skin (pruritus). These symptoms can either come and go or worsen over time and become irreversible.

Caloric restriction has been recently touted as one of the biggest anti-aging secrets behind living for over 100 years. Reflective of the wisdom that ‘less is more’, the long-term benefits of consuming fewer calories appear to speak for themselves.

Lyme disease is caused by bacteria that spread to humans through tick bites. If left untreated, the illness can spread and cause serious complications affecting the joints, the heart, or the nervous system.

Severe cases of brain injury or damage can lead to states of impaired consciousness. Disorders of consciousness (DoC), such as a vegetative or minimally conscious state, are classified based on extensive testing, including behavioral factors, such as purposeful behaviors or merely reflexes. Electrophysiological and neuroimaging data are also utilized in diagnosing DoC. Consciousness disorders have several possible causes. One of the primary causes of disability and fatalities worldwide is traumatic brain injury (TBI). Each year, over 5 million people suffer from severe TBI.